Abstract

This study presents the development and preliminary expert evaluation of a 2D animation mobile application designed to support the KSSM Biology topic of human blood. The study aimed to design and develop the application using the Multimedia Mobile Content Development (MMCD) model and selected Nielsen heuristic principles, and to examine its functional and design suitability from an expert perspective. The prototype was developed using Adobe Animate and evaluated through a four-point expert checklist covering content, interaction, and interface design. Three purposively selected experts participated: two ICT/multimedia specialists with five and nine years of relevant experience, respectively, and one Biology teacher with eight years of teaching experience. Descriptive analysis using frequencies and percentages showed unanimous strong agreement for all content-design items, while interaction and interface items were generally rated positively. Expert feedback identified several refinements, particularly animation duration, navigation consistency, audio-animation synchronisation, and visual contrast. These findings represent preliminary expert evaluation only and do not demonstrate improvement in student learning outcomes. The application therefore shows potential as a curriculum-aligned digital learning resource, but student-based usability and learning-effect studies are required before claims of educational effectiveness can be established.